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Water RO Membrane is an efficient membrane separation technology that can effectively remove dissolved salts, organic matter, microorganisms and other impurities in water to obtain high-quality water. In daily life, reverse osmosis membranes are widely used, such as household water purifiers, seawater desalination equipment, etc. In order to ensure the normal operation and service life of the reverse osmosis membrane, it needs to be properly maintained. 1. Regular cleaning During the use of the reverse osmosis membrane, it will be contaminated by impurities in the water, leading to problems such as a decrease in Membrane Flux and a decrease in Salt rejection rate. Therefore, the RO membrane needs to be cleaned regularly to remove dirt and impurities on the membrane surface. Cleaning methods can use two methods: physical cleaning and chemical cleaning. 2. Prevent membrane clogging During use, the reverse osmosis membrane may be clogged by impurities such as suspended solids and colloids in the water, resulting in a decrease in membrane flux. In order to prevent membrane clogging, pre-treatment equipment, such as filters, activated carbon filters, etc., can be installed before the water enters to remove suspended solids and colloids in the water. 3. Control incoming water quality The reverse osmosis membrane has certain requirements for the incoming water quality. If the incoming water quality does not meet the requirements, it will lead to membrane fouling, membrane flux reduction and other problems. Therefore, it is necessary to control the quality of the incoming water to ensure that the turbidity, SDI value, COD, TOC and other indicators of the incoming water are within the specified range. 4. Replace the filter element regularly Some filters are usually installed in front of the reverse osmosis membrane to remove large particles and impurities from the water. After being used for a period of time, these filters will become ineffective due to clogging and need to be replaced regularly. 5. Pay attention to the preservation of membranes When the RO membrane is not in use, it needs to be stored correctly to prevent the membrane from being contaminated and damaged. There are two methods of preservation: wet preservation and dry preservation. In short, RO membrane is a very important membrane separation technology and is widely used in daily life. In order to ensure the normal operation and ro membrane service life of the reverse osmosis membrane, it needs to be properly maintained. Through regular cleaning, preventing membrane clogging, controlling incoming water quality, regularly replacing filter elements and paying attention to membrane preservation, the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane can be effectively extended and the separation efficiency of the membrane and the quality of produced water can be improved.

  Star Products Kubota 510 One to One Replacement Mbr Sheet Brochure   Why Flat Sheet Membrane? High Fouling Resistance Flat sheet membrane offers superior in fouling resistance compared with hollow fiber membrane. Simple System & Operation Flat sheet membrane does not require a backwash system to operate reliably. Easy Maintenance Simple module design with flat sheet membrane enables easy maintenance and cost savings.   Membrane Comparison   Membrane Comparison Membrane Name Kubota-510 Xmembrane-80 Material Chlorinated Polyethylene(PVC) Polyvinylidene Fluoride(PVDF) Sizes（L*W*T) 1010*495*6.7 (mm) 1010*495*6.8 (mm) Pore size 0.2~0.4μm 0.08~0.12μm Nozzie length 16mm 18mm Nozzie Inside Dameter 4.5mm 4.5mm Nozzie Outside Dameter 9.3mm 9.4mm Nozzie to side 170mm 135mm Handle N/A YES       Photos   Kubota-510 Peier-80             Body               Thickness             Length               Width             Nozzie             Connection             Nozzie ID             Nozzie OD             Nozzie to side                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

UF Working Principle   UF Working Principle Ultrafiltration(UF) membrane is a variety of membrane filtration in which pressure differential of two sides leads to a separation through a semipermeable membrane.UF pore size is 0.002〜0.1µm and MWCO(molecular weight cut-off) is 30000〜100000 Dalton. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained in the so-called retentate, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane in the permeate(filtrate).    二、 Characteristics and Specifications of UF 1、Characteristics ⑴ Membrane Material Veolia ZeeWeed1500 UF modules are made from PVDF. It provides high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, good hydrophilicity, excellent anti-pollution ability, pH range 5~10. ⑵ Module Structure Hollow fiber UF modules have two flow paths: inside-out and outside-in. Inlet passage of inside-out is hollow fiber cavity. Inlet passage of outside-in is between membranes. This system uses outside-in flow path. 2、Specifications ⑴ Material：PVDF ⑵ Operating pressure：≤0.20Mpa ⑶ Operating temperature：0-40℃ ⑷ pH range：5～10 ⑸ Maximum inlet pressure：≤0.38 Mpa ⑹ Maximum TMP(transmembrane pressure)：≤0.2 Mpa ⑺ Maximum backwash pressure：≤0.15 Mpa ⑻ Backwash flux：60-80L/m2h ⑼ Chemical：citric acid(or hydrochloric acid), caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite 3、Feed Water Quality Requirements In order to avoid membrane fouling and blocking caused by poor water quality,the water that enters UF module should meet the following requirements: ⑴ Turbidity：≤15NTU   ⑵ TSS(total suspended solids)：＜10mg/L ⑶ Fe：＜0.5mg/L ⑷ CODcr：＜50mg/L ⑸ pH range：2〜10 ⑹ Organic solvent：alcohol,ketone, benzene and etc are forbidden ⑺ Instantaneous residual chlorine tolerance：5000ppm   notice： ①When feed water contains oil, organic matters, oxidizing matters(residual chlorine, O3,H2O2, etc), surfactant, defoaming agent and etc, please contact our engineering department and operate the system under the guidance of technicians. ②When pretreatment adopts flocculation process, please carry out cup test and control the amount of flocculant strictly. Too much or too little of flocculant will cause membrane fouling which affects permeate  flux. ③When there is algae and microorganism, add 15〜50mg/L bactericide to avoid the growing up of algae or microorganism which will contaminate the membrane.

  Permissible Feed Water Quality For Reverse Osmosis Systems   Number Item Allowed value Unit Remarks 1 Turbidity 1.0 NTU The maximum allowable turbidity is 1.0 NTU, with a target value of less than 0.2 NTU. 2 Silt Density Index (SDI15) 5.0 NA The maximum allowable SDI15 is 5.0, aiming for a value lower than 3.0. 3 pH 2~11 NA The permissible pH range for the influent varies depending on the membrane type. Additionally, the influent temperature may also affect the allowable pH value. 4 Temperature 1~45 ℃ 5 Free Chlorine 0.1 mg/L The influent should not contain oxidants such as chlorine, permanganate, or other strong oxidizing agents. 6 TOC(以C计) <5 mg/L The TOC level should be below 5 mg/L. It is important to note that TOC, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₃) serve only as reference parameters due to the complexity of organic compounds. 7 COD(以O₂计) <15 mg/L 8 BOD₃ (以Oz计) <10 mg/L 9 oil 0 mg/L The presence of oil should not be detectable in the influent. 10 Ferrous Ion(Fe2+） <4 mg/L The allowable concentration of ferrous ions is below 4 mg/L. For water with dissolved oxygen below 0.5 mg/L and a pH below 6, this limit applies 11 Ferric Ion(Fe3+） <0.05 mg/L The allowable concentration of ferrous ions is below 4 mg/L. For water with dissolved oxygen below 0.5 mg/L and a pH below 6, this limit applies 12 Manganese Ion(Mn²*） <0.05 mg/L The allowable concentration of ferrous ions is below 4 mg/L. For water with dissolved oxygen below 0.5 mg/L and a pH below 6, this limit applies 13 Aluminum Ion(Al³+) <0.05 mg/L The allowable concentration of ferrous ions is below 4 mg/L. For water with dissolved oxygen below 0.5 mg/L and a pH below 6, this limit applies 14 Calcium Carbonate(CaCO₃) LSI<2.0 NA LSI < 2.0 NA With the addition of scale inhibitors, the highest allowable LSI value is 2.0. 15 Calcium Sulfate(CaSO₄） <400 % (1) Different concentrations, pH values, and temperatures have varying effects on the precipitation and deposition of different sparingly soluble salts in water. If the saturation level of a sparingly soluble salt exceeds 100%, it indicates scaling on the concentrate side.(2) The values on the left indicate the maximum allowable saturation level under measures such as adding scale inhibitors. 16 Barium Sulfate(BaSO₄) <10000 % 17 Strontium Sulfate(SrSO₄） <1200 % 18 Calcium Fluoride(CaFz) <5000 % 19 Surfactants Care should be taken when selecting cationic or amphoteric surfactants 20 Silica (SiO₂) Silica should not precipitate on the concentrate side Generally, the maximum allowable concentration is 100 mg/L in the absence of scale inhibitors.  

Dry TIPS UF Membrane: a green solution for wastewater treatment With the continuous improvement of environmental protection awareness, wastewater treatment technology is also constantly developing. Among numerous wastewater treatment technologies, dry membrane, as a new type of green and pollution-free technology, is gradually attracting people's attention. Compared with traditional wastewater treatment methods, dry membrane has many advantages. 1. Green and pollution-free: Dry membrane does not require the addition of any chemical agents in the wastewater treatment process, so it will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. In contrast, traditional wastewater treatment methods often require the use of a large amount of chemical agents, which not only pollute the environment but also increase treatment costs. 2. High throughput: Dry membrane has the characteristic of high throughput and can quickly treat large amounts of wastewater. This makes dry membrane have significant advantages in treating high concentration and high flow wastewater. 3. Long lifespan: The service life of dry film can reach up to 15 years, far exceeding the service life of ordinary PVDF film. This not only reduces the cost of wastewater treatment, but also reduces the frequency of membrane replacement, reducing the risk of environmental pollution. 4. Strong acid and alkali resistance: Dry film has strong acid and alkali resistance, and can work normally within the range of pH 1-14. This makes the dry membrane more adaptable in treating acidic or alkaline wastewater. 5. Good wastewater treatment performance: Compared with ordinary PVDF membranes, dry membrane has better wastewater treatment performance. It can effectively remove suspended solids, organic matter, and inorganic substances from wastewater, thereby achieving discharge standards. In summary, as a new type of wastewater treatment technology, dry membrane has the advantages of green, pollution-free, high-throughput, long lifespan, strong acid and alkali resistance, and good wastewater treatment performance. These advantages make dry membrane have broad application prospects in the field of wastewater treatment. With the continuous progress of technology and the continuous reduction of costs, it is believed that dry membrane will play an increasingly important role in future wastewater treatment.

Comparison between Ultrafiltration Membrane and Other Water Treatment Technologies Ultrafiltration membrane is a membrane separation technology used for water treatment, which has the following advantages compared to other water treatment equipment: 1. Efficient filtration: Ultrafiltration membranes can filter out suspended solids, colloids, microorganisms, macromolecular organic matter, etc. in water, with efficient filtration effects. 2. Preserving nutrients: Ultrafiltration membranes can retain nutrients in water, such as minerals, trace elements, etc., which is beneficial to human health. 3. Easy to operate: The operation of the ultrafiltration membrane is simple, without the need for complex equipment and operations, only water needs to be passed through the ultrafiltration membrane. 4. Easy maintenance: The maintenance of the ultrafiltration membrane is convenient, only requiring regular cleaning and replacement of membrane components, without the need for frequent equipment replacement. 5. Low cost: Compared with other water treatment equipment, ultrafiltration membranes have lower costs and better economic benefits.   Overall, ultrafiltration membrane is an efficient, simple, and economical water treatment equipment with broad application prospects.

Why is it important to test water TDS? In order to understand feedwater quality fully and assess the possibility of membrane fouling and blocking caused by contaminants in water, we suggest you to monitor some critical parameters before and in use. TDS, NTU, TSS, SDI, TOC, DOC, COD, BOD, Oil and Grease, Fe and Mn, Calcium and Magnesium, Conductivity pH and silicon dioxide, etc are commonly tested before the design of membrane module. Among those parameters, TDS tests are one of the most common water quality measurements used by professionals and homeowners alike. This is because TDS in water is naturally occurring, tough to remove, and easy to test.   What is TDS? Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS are often measured in parts per million (ppm). TDS in water can be measured using a digital meter.   Why should we contact local professional water quality testing institutes? TDS meters measure the conductivity of the water in parts-per-million(ppm), which is equivalent to measuring the mass of contaminants present per liter of water(mg/L). TDS is a nonselective measurement. It does not differentiate between the salts dissolved in your well water and the naturally occurring mineral content, like magnesium and sodium. If your TDS levels are above 600, or even in the 1000s, it is a huge indicator that there is a wildly problematic level of dissolved material present in your water. A reading between 300 and 500 is considered acceptable, but it is difficult to distinguish which dissolved materials are in your water from a TDS reading alone. To determine whether any dangerous TDS are in your water or not, you must rely on other test. The EPA considers TDS to be a secondary drinking water contaminant. Secondary drinking water contaminants pose no health risks and though there are suggested optimal levels of these contaminants, the EPA does not enforce these standards. Instead, these are considered to be primarily cosmetic, aesthetic, and technical inconveniences. For example, acidic water is not dangerous to consume, but it is extremely corrosive and destroys household plumbing. Hard water similarly does not run the risk of making you and your family sick, but it will wreak havoc on your water heaters and household appliances. High levels of iron can turn your water a bright unattractive orange color, but this does not mean that drinking this water will cause illness.   A Feedwater Quality Analysis Report for your Reference: Analysis Institute ：                                                                      Analyst：                                  Water  Source Overview ：                                                                 Date：                                 Conductivity：                                pH：                     Temperature of water sample： oC                          Type of source water： □  underground water/deep well water        □  lake water/reservoir water       □  river water □  sea water                                                  □  municipal water                         □  municipal sewage □  industrial sewage                                      □  others                                                                                                                              Temperature (deg. C.) pH          TDS (mg/L)                    TSS(mg/L)                  Turbidity (NTU)                      Oil and grease (mg/L)             COD (mg/L)       BOD5  (mg/L) TOC (mg/L)                    DOC (mg/L)                   Fe (mg/L)                  Mn (mg/L)                    Others: design minimun maximum remark                                                                                                     Pretreatment technology：                                                                                                              chemical：  □  flocculant                        □  coagulant aids                        □  bactericide Pretreatment device name：       Pretreatment situation: _________________________________________________________  

MBR hollow fiber membrane is a kind of high efficiency membrane separation technology, its working principle is to use the selective permeability of the membrane, the sewage organic matter, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants separated out, and at the same time to achieve the purification of sewage and resource utilization.   The working process of MBR hollow fiber membrane mainly includes the following steps:   1. Pre-treatment: Pre-treatment of sewage to remove suspended solids, organic matter and other impurities to prevent membrane clogging and contamination.   2. Membrane separation: the pre-treated sewage through the MBR hollow fiber membrane separation, sewage organic matter, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants are intercepted by the membrane, while the water molecules flow through the membrane holes.   3. Aeration: In the process of membrane separation, the sewage needs to be aerated to provide oxygen to promote the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms in the sewage so as to improve the treatment effect of the sewage.   4. Sludge return: In the process of sewage treatment, a large amount of sludge will be produced, and this sludge needs to be returned to the bioreactor through the return system to maintain the sludge concentration in the bioreactor and to improve the treatment effect of sewage.   5. Backwashing: In the process of membrane separation, the membrane surface will be polluted and blocked by pollutants, and it is necessary to backwash the membrane on a regular basis to remove the pollutants on the membrane surface and restore the membrane flux and treatment effect.   MBR hollow fiber membrane technology has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, etc. It has been widely used in water treatment, food and beverage, pharmaceutical, chemical, energy and other industries. With the continuous progress of technology and cost reduction, MBR hollow fiber membrane technology will become a more economical and efficient separation technology, bringing more convenience and benefits to people's production and life.     MBR hollow fiber membrane is a highly efficient membrane separation technology with a wide range of application industries and application prospects. The following is an introduction of some MBR hollow fiber membrane application industries and application prospects.   MBR hollow fiber membrane is widely used in water treatment industry. It can be used to treat all kinds of sewage, such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, rainwater, etc. MBR hollow fiber membrane can effectively remove organic matter, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the sewage, but also play a role in decolorization, deodorization, MBR hollow fiber membrane technology can be achieved by the resourceful use of wastewater, will be used for greening the treated wastewater, car washing, toilet flushing and so on.   MBR hollow fiber membrane in the food and beverage industry is also widely used. It can be used for filtration and separation of juice, beer, wine, milk, etc. MBR hollow fiber membrane can effectively remove suspended solids, microorganisms, bacteria and other impurities in juice, beer, wine, etc., and improve the quality and taste of the product.MBR hollow fiber membrane can also be used for milk degreasing and decontamination, to improve the quality and shelf life of milk.   MBR hollow fiber membrane is also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. It can be used for the separation, purification and concentration of drugs, MBR hollow fiber membrane can effectively remove impurities and microorganisms in the drug, improve the purity and quality of the drug, MBR hollow fiber membrane can also be used for the concentration of the drug, to improve the concentration of the drug and the efficacy of the drug.   MBR hollow fiber membrane is also widely used in chemical industry. It can be used for the separation, purification and concentration of chemical products.MBR hollow fiber membrane can effectively remove impurities and microorganisms in chemical products, and improve the purity and quality of chemical products.MBR hollow fiber membrane can also be used for the concentration of chemical products, and improve the concentration and efficacy of chemical products.   MBR hollow fiber membrane is also widely used in the energy industry. It can be used in seawater desalination, brackish water desalination, water reuse, etc. MBR hollow fiber membrane can effectively remove the salt and impurities in seawater, convert seawater into fresh water to solve the problem of shortage of fresh water resources.MBR hollow fiber membrane can also be used for water reuse, the treated wastewater can be used in industrial production and urban greening, to achieve the recycling of water resources.   MBR hollow fiber membrane technology has a broad application prospect. As people's requirements for environmental protection and resource utilization continue to improve, MBR hollow fiber membrane technology will be more widely used and developed. At the same time, with the continuous progress of technology and cost reduction, MBR hollow fiber membrane technology will become a more economical and efficient separation technology, which will bring more convenience and benefits to people's production and life.

 X Factory is a company specialising in the production of Thermal membrane. Equipped with advanced production equipment and technology, we are dedicated to providing customers with high quality Thermo membrane products. Our thermal process membranes are widely used in the field of complex wastewater treatment and are highly acclaimed for their excellent performance and reliability. In recent years, with the increasing concern for environmental protection and resource utilisation, green and non-polluting, high flux and high lifetime have become important development directions for the thermal membrane fabrication process. This paper will introduce the research progress and application prospect of thermal membrane fabrication process from these three aspects. Ø Green and Non-Polluting             The traditional thermal membrane production process usually requires the use of a large number of organic solvents and chemicals, which can cause serious pollution to the environment. In order to achieve green and non-polluting membrane production process, researchers have developed some new membrane materials and production methods. For example, the use of natural polymer materials such as cellulose and chitosan as membrane materials can avoid the use of organic solvents and chemicals, thus reducing the pollution of the environment. In addition, the use of biotechnology such as enzyme catalysis can also achieve green and pollution-free membrane fabrication. Ø High Flux High flux is an important indicator for thermal membrane application, and high flux can improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. In order to achieve high flux membrane production process, researchers have developed some new membrane materials and production methods. For example, the use of nanomaterials such as nanocellulose and nanosilica as membrane materials can improve membrane flux and separation efficiency. In addition, the use of new membrane fabrication methods such as electrostatic spinning and self-assembly can also improve membrane flux and separation efficiency. Ø  High Life High lifetime is another important indicator for thermal process membrane applications. High lifetime can reduce the frequency of membrane replacement and maintenance costs. In order to achieve a high life of the membrane production process, researchers have developed a number of new membrane materials and production methods. For example, the use of new membrane materials such as polyimide and polysulfone can improve the chemical stability and mechanical strength of the membrane, thus extending the service life of the membrane. In addition, the use of new membrane production methods such as co-extrusion, composite, etc. can also improve the service life of the membrane.   In summary, green non-pollution, high flux and high lifetime are important development directions for thermal membrane fabrication process. Researchers have developed some new membrane materials and fabrication methods, such as the use of natural polymer materials, nanomaterials, new membrane materials and fabrication methods, in order to realise the green non-polluting, high flux and high lifetime membrane fabrication process. These research results will provide important support and guarantee for the application and development of thermal process membranes.

X-membrane is one of the leaders in the field of seawater desalination, with more than 10 years of experience in seawater desalination projects. X-membrane offers a wide range of highly efficient seawater desalination reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, which are widely used in seawater desalination projects.   Desalination reverse osmosis membranes are filtration membranes that work by separating water molecules driven by seawater pressure from seawater containing salt and other impurities. When this series of elements have low operating pressure, low equipment investment, good desalination performance and good stability. Among them, X-SW8040-400 has the highest desalination rate of 99.85%, which ensures the production of drinking water from seawater through one RO system.SW series membrane elements are generally applicable to the treatment of high concentration seawater and brackish water. It can be used for seawater desalination, high concentration brackish water desalination, power plant boiler make-up water, wastewater reuse, concentration and recovery of high value-added substances such as food, pharmaceuticals, etc. X-membrane seawater desalination membranes are made of materials with the following characteristics:   1. High salt exclusion rate: X-membrane has excellent salt exclusion rate, up to 99.85% can efficiently remove salt and dissolved substances in seawater, so that the desalinated water reaches the standard of potable water or industrial water (which is the focus of our customers to win the bid).   2. Low energy consumption: X-membrane adopts advanced membrane technology, which is characterised by low energy consumption. It is able to realise efficient desalination process at low operating pressure, reducing energy consumption and operating costs.   3. Long life: X-membrane has good chemical and contamination resistance and is able to resist erosion and contamination by chlorine, dissolved matter, microorganisms and particulate matter in seawater. This allows the membrane to last longer and reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement.   4. Customisable: X-membrane offers a wide range of desalination membrane types and sizes to meet the needs of different application scenarios. Users can choose the right membrane type and configuration according to specific project requirements. The quality of our membranes is better than those of Toray and LG, and the following is a comparison of the technical parameters: Module Active Membrane Area (ft2 m2) Average Permeate (GPD  m³/d) Stable rejection Rate  (%) Stabilized Boron Rejection (%) X-SW8040-400 400 (37.2) 10500 (39.7) 99.85 92 Nitto SWC5-LD 400 (37.2) 9,000  (34.1) 99.8% (99.7% minimum)   Nitto CPA5 400 (37.2) 11000 (41.6) 99.7   Nitto CPA3 400 (37.2) 11000 (41.6) 99.7   Filmtec SW30HRLE-400 400 (37) 7500 (28) 99.8 92 Filmtec SW30XLE-400 400 (37) 9000 (34) 99.8 91.5 Toray TM820M-400 TM820M-400 7,000(26.5) 99.8 95% at pH 8 (5mg/l Boron added to Feed water) LG SW 400 GR 400 (37) 7,500 (28.4) 99.85 93           X-SW8040-440 440 (41) 9900 (37.5) 99.8 92 Filmtec SW30XLE-440i 440 (41) 9900 (37.4) 99.8 91.5 Toray TM820M-440 440 (41) 7700 (21.2) 99.8 95% at pH 8 (5mg/l Boron added to Feed water) LG SW 440 GR 440 (41) 8,250 (31.2) 99.85 93     X-membrane's desalination membranes have been widely used in desalination plants, offshore platforms and mariculture around the world. They play an important role in providing reliable desalinated water resources, solving water scarcity and water quality problems.